Michalsons

About Michalsons

These blog entries are written in collaboration with Michalsons and attorneys who are the subject matter experts in their respective focus areas. Our attorneys specialise in various fields of law and provide commercially effective and practical advice. Read more about our people...

Does your email disclaimer comply with the law?

Your company almost certainly has an email disclaimer. Often, it is a huge block of text that appears at the bottom of an email, which nobody reads and just clutters up everyone’s inbox. At other times, it is incorporated by [...]

By |2025-10-08T11:05:42+02:00October 7th, 2025|Categories: Email Law|Tags: , |

Contracting using a clickwrap agreement | Click-through contracting

You've probably come across a clickwrap agreement without even realising it. Some people call this the click-through contracting model. It is a quick method for users and consumers to agree to the terms of service providers. Technology has made buying [...]

By |2025-12-01T17:20:17+02:00September 17th, 2025|Categories: Contracts, IT Law|Tags: , , , |

Returns Policy or Refund Policy in South Africa

Do you need a returns policy or a refund policy for South Africa? When can a consumer return goods or get a refund in South Africa? In this article, we examine the conditions under which consumers can return goods and [...]

General conditions of contract | Latest and guidance

The General Conditions of Contract (GCC) form part of all public bid documents, and no one can amend them. They allow for Special Conditions of Contract (SCC). If you want to do business with the public sector, you often have [...]

Personal Information Impact Assessment (PIIA) under POPIA

A Personal Information Impact Assessment (PIIA) under POPIA is a process that helps organisations understand and mitigate the data protection risks to data subjects associated with processing personal information. Under South Africa’s Protection of Personal Information Act, 4 of [...]

PAIA section 32 report for public bodies | PAIA annual report

The information officer of every public body in South Africa must submit a PAIA section 32 report to the Information Regulator annually. Section 32 of PAIA makes it compulsory - a regulatory requirement. PAIA gives effect to section 32 [...]

By |2025-08-14T16:31:50+02:00July 18th, 2025|Categories: Access to Information|Tags: , , , |

Lawyers must use AI professionally

Lawyers must use AI professionally to preserve the doctrine of precedent. There are a number of globally reported incidents (like fake case-law citations in the UK) illustrating where lawyers have failed to use AI professionally with significant consequences. There is [...]

Nigeria fines Meta | Data breach penalty upheld

In an appeal brought by Meta Platforms Inc. and WhatsApp, LLC, the Competition and Consumer Protection Tribunal confirmed that their conduct violated data protection and competition laws. The Tribunal affirmed the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission's (FCCPC) decision to [...]

World Password Day: fast tips for robust passwords

Happy World Password Day! It is on the first Thursday of May each year. The day is here to raise awareness of the crucial need for robust and unique passwords for all your online accounts. The need is pretty [...]

By |2025-06-09T12:27:48+02:00May 1st, 2025|Categories: Cybersecurity Law|Tags: , |

How do I comply with POPI or POPIA?

Wouldn't it be lovely if there were a comprehensive checklist that could help you comply with POPI or POPIA? Because the Protection of Personal Information (POPI) Act in South Africa is a principle-based law, it is not possible to [...]

By |2025-04-24T14:35:24+02:00April 8th, 2025|Categories: POPI and Data Protection|Tags: , , , , |